ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
ACT, 1994 (ACT 490)
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Section
PART I—ESTABLISHMENT OF THE
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1. Establishment of Agency
2. Functions of the Agency
3. Ministerial directions
4. Governing body of Agency
5. Tenure of office of members
6. Allowances for members
7. Meetings of the Board
8. Disclosure of interest
9. Committees of the Board
10. Hazardous Chemicals Committee
11. Regional and district offices
of the Agency
PART II—ENFORCEMENT AND CONTROL
12. Power of Agency to request for
environmental impact assessment.
13. Enforcement notice
14. Power of Minister relating to
enforcement notice
15. Environment Protection
Inspectors and their powers
PART III—NATIONAL ENVIRONMENT FUND
16. Establishment of Environment
Fund
17. Object of Fund
18. Management of the Fund
19. Functions of the Board in
relation to the Fund
PART IV—ADMINISTRATION AND GENERAL
PROVISIONS
20. Organisation of the Agency
21. Executive Director and his
functions
22. Appointment of other staff
23. Delegation of power of
appointment
24. Expenses of the Agency
25. Accounts and audit
26. Annual report and other
reports
27. Request for information
28. Regulations
29. Interpretation
30. Dissolution, repeal and
vesting
THE FOUR HUNDRED AND NINETIETH
ACT OF THE PARLIAMENT OF THE
REPUBLIC OF GHANA ENTITLED
THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
ACT, 1994
AN ACT to provide for the
establishment of an Environmental
Protection Agency in place of the
Environmental Protection Council
and for related purposes.
DATE OF ASSENT: 30th December,
1994
BE IT ENACTED BY Parliament as
follows—
PART I—ESTABLISHMENT OF THE
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Section 1—Establishment of Agency.
(1) There is established by this
Act a body to be known as the
Environmental Protection Agency
referred to in this Act as the
"Agency."
(2) The Agency shall be a body
corporate with perpetual
succession and a common seal and
may sue and be sued in its
corporate name.
(3) The Agency shall for the
discharge of its functions have
power to acquire and hold any
movable or immovable property and
to enter into any contract or
other transaction.
Section 2—Functions of the Agency.
The functions of the Agency are—
(a) to advise the Minister on the
formulation of policies on all
aspects of the environment and in
particular make recommendations
for the protection of the
environment;
(b) to co-ordinate the activities
of bodies concerned with the
technical or practical aspects of
the environment and serve as a
channel of communication between
such bodies and the Ministry:
(c) to co-ordinate the activities
of such bodies as it considers
appropriate for the purposes of
controlling the generation,
treatment, storage, transportation
and disposal of industrial waste;
(d) to secure in collaboration
with such persons as it may
determine the control and
prevention of discharge of waste
into the environment and the
protection and improvement of the
quality of the environment;
(e) to collaborate with such
foreign and international agencies
as the Agency considers necessary
for the purposes of this Act;
(f) to issue environmental permits
and pollution abatement notices
for controlling the volume, types,
constituents and effects of waste
discharges, emissions, deposits or
other source of pollutants and of
substances which are hazardous or
potentially dangerous to the
quality of the environment or any
segment of the environment;
(g) to issue notice in the form of
directives, procedures or warnings
to such bodies as it may determine
for the purpose of controlling the
volume, intensity and quality of
noise in the environment;
(h) to prescribe standards and
guidelines relating to the
pollution of air, water, land and
other forms of environmental
pollution including the discharge
of wastes and the control of toxic
substances;
(i)
to ensure compliance with any laid
down environmental impact
assessment procedures in the
planning and execution of
development projects, including
compliance in respect of existing
projects;
(j) to act in liaison and
co-operation with government
agencies, District Assemblies and
other bodies and institutions to
control pollution and generally
protect the environment;
(k) to conduct investigations into
environmental issues and advise
the Minister thereon;
(l) to promote studies, research,
surveys and analysis for the
improvement and protection of the
environment and the maintenance of
sound ecological systems in Ghana;
(m) to initiate and pursue formal
and non-formal education
programmes for the creation of
public awareness of the
environment and its importance to
the economic and social life of
the country;
(n) to promote effective planning
in the management of the
environment;
(o) to develop a comprehensive
database on the environment and
environmental protection for the
information of the public;
(p) to conduct seminars and
training programmes and gather and
publish reports and information
relating to the environment;
(q) to impose and collect
environmental protection levies in
accordance with this Act or
regulations made under this Act;
(r) to co-ordinate with such
international agencies as the
Agency considers necessary for
the purposes of this Act; and
(s) to perform any other
functions conferred on it under
this Act.
Section 3—Ministerial Directions.
The Minister may give to the
Agency such directives of a
general nature as to the policy to
be followed by the Agency in the
performance of its functions as
appear to the Minister to be
necessary in the public interest.
Section 4—Governing Body of
Agency.
(1) The governing body of the
Agency shall be a Board which
shall be responsible for the
discharge of the functions of the
Agency.
(2) The Board shall consist of the
following members appointed by the
President in consultation with the
Council of State —
(a) a chairman who shall be a
person knowledgeable in
environmental matters;
(b) the Executive Director of the
Agency;
(c) a representative of the
Council for Scientific and
Industrial Research, not below the
rank of Principal Research
Officer;
(d) a representative of the Ghana
Standards Board, not below the
rank of Principal Scientific
Officer;
(e) a representative, not below
the rank of Director from the
Ministries responsible for—
(i)
Environment;
(ii) Local Government;
(iii) Finance;
(iv) Health; and
(v) Education;
(f) a representative of the
Association of Ghana Industries;
and
(g) three other persons at least
one of whom shall be a woman.
(3) One of the members appointed
under subsection (2)(g) of this
section shall be a person
knowledgeable in finance or
commerce.
(4) The President shall in making
the appointments under this
section have regard to the
knowledge, expertise and
experience of the persons in
matters relating to the
environment.
Section 5—Tenure of Office of
Members.
(1) A member of the Board other
than the Executive Director shall
hold office for a period not
exceeding three years and shall on
the expiration of that period be
eligible for re-appointment.
(2) A member of the Board other
than the Executive Director may at
any time by letter addressed to
the President resign his office.
(3) A member who is absent from
three consecutive meetings of the
Board without sufficient cause
shall cease to be a member.
(4) The Chairman or a member of
the Board may be removed from
office by the President for
inability to perform the function
of his office, for stated
misbehaviour or for any other just
cause.
(5) The Chairman of the Board
shall through the Minister notify
the President of vacancies that
occur in the membership of the
Board within one month of the
occurrence of the vacancy.
Section 6—Allowances for Members.
The Chairman and the other members
of the Board shall be paid such
allowances as the Minister, in
consultation with the Minister
responsible for Finance, may
determine.
Section 7—Meetings of the Board.
(1) The Board shall meet for the
despatch of business at such times
and in such places as the Chairman
may determine but shall meet at
least once every three months.
(2) The Chairman shall upon the
request of not less than one-third
of the membership convene a
special meeting of the Board.
(3) The quorum at a meeting of the
Board shall consist of seven
members and shall include the
Executive Director or the person
acting in that capacity.
(4) Every meeting of the Board
shall be presided over by the
Chairman and in his absence by a
member of the Board elected by the
members present from among their
number.
(5) Questions before the Board
shall be decided by a majority of
the members present and voting.
(6) The Chairman or the person
presiding at a meeting of the
board shall in the event of
equality of votes have a second or
casting vote.
(7) The Board may co-opt any
person to act as an adviser at its
meetings but no co-opted person is
entitled to vote at the meeting.
(8) The validity of the
proceedings of the Board shall not
be affected by a vacancy among its
members or by a defect in the
appointment or qualification of a
member.
(9) Except as otherwise expressly
provided for under this section,
the Board shall determine and
regulate the procedure for its
meetings.
Section 8—Disclosure of Interest.
(1) A member of the Board who is
directly or indirectly interested
in any matter being considered or
dealt with by the Board shall
disclose the nature of his
interest at a meeting of the Board
and shall not take part in any
deliberation or decision of the
Board with respect to the matter.
(2) A member who fails to disclose
his interest under subsection (2)
of this section shall be removed
from the Board.
Section 9—Committees of the Board.
The Board may for the discharge of
the functions of the Agency
appoint committees of the Board
comprising members of the Board or
non-members or both and assign to
any such committee such functions
of the Agency as the Board may
determine.
Section 10—Hazardous Chemicals
Committee.
(1) Without prejudice to section 9
of this Act there is established
by this Act a committee of the
Board to be known as the
"Hazardous Chemicals Committee".
(2) The Hazardous Chemicals
Committee shall consist of —
(a) the Executive Director who
shall be the Chairman;
(b) one representative of the —
(i)
Ghana Standards Board;
(ii) Ghana Atomic Energy
Commission;
(iii) Ghana Cocoa Board;
(iv) Crops Services Department of
the Ministry of Food and
Agriculture;
(v) Veterinary Services Department
of the Ministry of Food and
Agriculture;
(vi) Council for Scientific and
Industrial Research;
(c) three officers from the
Agency; and
(d) three other persons being
persons with specialised knowledge
and experience in toxic chemical
management.
(3) The functions of the Hazardous
Chemicals Committee shall be to—
(a) monitor the use of hazardous
chemicals by collecting
information on the importation,
exportation, manufacture,
distribution, sale, use and
disposal of such chemicals;
(b) advise the Board and the
Executive Director on the
regulation and management of
hazardous chemicals; and
(c) perform such other functions
relating to such chemicals as the
Board or the Executive Director
may determine.
Section 11—Regional and District
Offices of the Agency.
(1) There shall be established in
each regional capital of Ghana and
in such districts as the Board may
determine regional and district
offices of the Agency.
(2) A regional or district office
of the Agency shall be provided
with such public officers as the
Board in consultation with the
Public Services Commission shall
determine.
(3) A regional or district office
of the Agency shall perform such
functions of the Agency in the
region or district as the Board
shall direct.
PART II—ENFORCEMENT AND CONTROL
Section 12—Power of Agency to
Request for Environmental Impact
Assessment.
(1) The Agency may by notice in
writing require any person
responsible for any undertaking
which in the opinion of the Agency
has or is likely to have adverse
effect on the environment to
submit to the Agency in respect of
the undertaking an environmental
impact assessment containing such
information within such period as
shall be specified in the notice.
(2) Where the Agency issues a
notice under sub-section (1) it
shall inform any organ or
department of government that has
responsibility for the issue of
any licence, permit, approval or
consent in connection with any
matter affecting the environment
that the notice has been issued,
and the organ or department shall
not grant the licence, permit,
approval or consent unless it has
been notified by the Agency that
the notice has been complied with.
Section 13—Enforcement Notice.
(1) Where it appears to the Agency
that the activities of any
undertaking poses a serious threat
to the environment or to public
health, the Agency may serve on
the person responsible for the
undertaking, an enforcement notice
requiring him to take such steps
as the Agency thinks necessary to
prevent or stop the activities.
(2) An enforcement notice shall
specify —
(a) the offending activity;
(b) the steps required to be
taken; and
(c) the time within which the
steps shall be taken.
(3) The Agency may in an
enforcement notice direct the
immediate cessation of the
offending activity where it
considers that the circumstances
so demand.
(4) Any person who acts contrary
to an enforcement notice issued
under this section commits an
offence and shall be liable on
summary conviction to a fine not
exceeding ¢2 million and in
default to imprisonment for a term
not exceeding one year.
Section 14—Power of Minister
Relating to Enforcement Notice.
(1) Where a person to whom a
notice has been served under
subsection (1) of section 13 fails
to comply with the directives
contained in the notice within the
stipulated time or such further
period as the Agency may grant,
the Minister, may without
prejudice to a prosecution under
subsection (4) of section 13, take
such steps as he considers
appropriate to ensure compliance
with the notice.
(2) Where authorized by the
Minister acting by virtue of
subsection (1), a police officer,
an officer of the Agency or any
public officer authorised by the
Minister may use such force as may
be necessary for the purpose of
ensuring compliance with the
enforcement notice.
(3) Any person who hinders or
obstructs any person acting under
this section commits an offence
and shall be liable on summary
conviction to a fine not exceeding
¢500,000 or to imprisonment for a
term not exceeding six months.
(4) Any amount reasonably incurred
by the Minister or any institution
to prevent or stop the offending
activities may be recovered from
the person responsible as a civil
debt, unless a court considers
that the amount was incurred
unnecessarily.
Section 15—Environment Protection
Inspectors and their Powers.
(1) There shall be appointed by
the Board officers designated as
Environment Protection Inspectors
referred to in this Act as
"Inspectors".
(2) An Inspector or any person
authorised by the Board may at any
reasonable time enter any premises
for the purpose of ensuring
compliance with this or any other
law pertaining to the protection
of the environment and shall, if
required to do so by the person in
charge of the premises, produce
his authority to the person.
(3) Any person who assaults or
obstructs a duly authorized person
acting in the execution of his
duty under subsection (1) commits
an offence and shall be liable on
summary conviction to a fine not
exceeding ¢500,000 or to
imprisonment not exceeding six
months or to both.
PART III—NATIONAL ENVIRONMENT FUND
Section 16—Establishment of
Environment Fund.
(1) There is established by this
Act a fund to be known as the
National Environment Fund referred
to in this Act as the "Fund".
(2) The sources of money for the
Fund shall be—
(a) grants from government for the
protection or improvement of the
environment;
(b) levies collected by the Agency
in the performance of its
functions;
(c) donations from the general
public, institutions and
organisations; and
(d) gifts.
Section 17—Object of Fund.
Monies of the Fund shall be
applied for —
(a) environmental education of the
general public;
(b) research, studies and
investigations relating to the
functions of the Agency;
(c) human resource and
development; and
(d) such other purposes as the
Board in consultation with the
Minister may determine.
Section 18—Management of the Fund.
(1) The Fund shall be managed and
administered by the Board which
shall for this purpose include the
Controller and Accountant-General
or his representative.
(2) All monies for the Fund shall
be paid into a bank account for
the purpose opened by the Board
with the approval of the
Controller and Accountant-General.
(3) The provisions under sections
25 and 26 of this Act on accounts
and audit and annual report shall
apply to the Fund.
Section 19—Functions of the Board
in Relation to the Fund.
(1) The Board shall for the
purpose of managing the Fund —
(a) formulate policies to generate
money for the Fund;
(b) determine the allocation to be
made towards the objects of the
Fund;
(c) determine annual targets of
the Fund.
(2) The Board may invest such part
of the Fund as it considers
appropriate in government
securities or in such manner as
may be approved by the Minister or
in consultation with the Minister
for Finance.
(3) All payments issued from the
Fund shall be signed by the
Chairman of the Board, the
Executive Director and one other
member of the Board.
PART IV—ADMINISTRATION AND GENERAL
PROVISIONS
Section 20—Organisation of the
Agency.
The Board may create such
departments or divisions in the
Agency as the Board may consider
necessary for the efficient
discharge of the functions of the
Agency.
Section 21—Executive Director and
his Functions.
(1) There shall be appointed by
the President in accordance with
the advice of the Board given in
consultation with the Public
Services Commission an Executive
Director of the Agency who shall
be the chief executive of the
Agency.
(2) The Executive Director shall
hold office on such terms and
conditions as shall be specified
in his letter of appointment.
(3) Subject to such general
directives as the Board may give,
the Executive Director shall be
responsible for the direction of
the work of the Agency and for the
day to day administration of the
Agency and shall ensure the
implementation of the decisions of
the Board.
(4) The Executive Director may
delegate such of his duties as he
may determine to any officer of
the Agency but the Executive
Director shall not be relieved
from ultimate responsibility for
the discharge of any delegated
function.
(5) The Executive Director shall
act as secretary to the Fund.
Section 22—Appointment of Other
Staff.
(1) The Agency shall have such
other officers and employees as
may be necessary for the proper
and effective performance of its
functions under this Act.
(2) Other public officers may be
transferred or seconded to the
Agency.
(3) Appointment of officers of the
Agency shall be made by the
President in accordance with the
advice of the Board given in
consultation with the Public
Services Commission and upon such
terms and conditions as the
appointing authority shall
determine.
(4) The Agency may engage the
services of such experts and
consultants as the Board may
determine.
Section 23—Delegation of Power of
Appointment.
The President may in accordance
with article 195(2) of the
Constitution delegate his power of
appointment of public officers
under this Part.
Section 24—Expenses of the Agency.
Parliament shall annually provide
to the Agency such sums of money
as may be necessary for the
efficient discharge of its
functions under this Act.
Section 25—Accounts and Audit.
(1) The Board shall keep books of
account and proper records in
relation to them and the accounts
and records of the Agency shall be
in a form approved by the
Auditor-General.
(2) The accounts of the Agency
shall be audited by the
Auditor-General within six months
after the end of each financial
year.
(3) The financial year of the
Agency shall be the same as the
financial year of the government.
(4) The Executive Director shall
prepare budget estimates for each
financial year and present the
estimates to the Board for its
approval not later than two months
before the end of the financial
year.
Section 26—Annual Report and Other
Reports.
(1) The Board shall as soon as
practicable after the expiration
of each financial year but within
six months after the end of the
year, submit to the Minister an
annual report covering the
activities and the operations of
the Agency for the year to which
the report relates.
(2) The annual report submitted
under subsection (1) shall include
the report of the Auditor-General.
(3) The Minister shall within two
months after the receipt of the
annual report submit a report to
Parliament with such statement as
he may consider necessary.
(4) The Board shall also submit to
the Minister such other report as
the Minister may in writing
require.
Section 27—Request for
Information.
(1) The Executive Director or any
officer of the Agency authorized
by the Executive Director may
request in writing from any person
or request any person to attend at
a time and place specified to give
any information which the
Executive Director considers
reasonably necessary for the
purposes of this Act.
(2) Any person who —
(a) without reasonable excuse
fails to provide information
requested under subsection (1); or
(b) without reasonable excuse
refuses or fails to attend as
requested under subsection (1); or
(c) knowingly provides false
information or any information
which he has no reason to believe
to be true; or
(d) obstructs any public officer
in the lawful execution of any
powers under this Act;
commits an offence and is liable
on conviction to a fine not
exceeding ¢2 million or to
imprisonment for one year or to
both.
(3) Where an offence is committed
under this Act or regulations made
under it by a body of persons —
(a) in the case of body corporate
other than a partnership, every
director or an officer of the body
shall also be deemed to be guilty
of the offence; and
(b) in the case of a partnership
every partner or officer of that
body shall also be deemed to be
guilty of that offence.
(4) No person shall be deemed to
be guilty of an offence by virtue
of subsection (3) of this section
if he proves that the offence was
committed without his knowledge or
connivance and that he exercised
all due care and diligence to
prevent the commission of the
offence having regard to all the
circumstances.
Section 28—Regulations.
(1) The Minister may on the advice
of the Board by legislative
instrument make regulations for
the purpose of giving effect to
the provisions of this Act.
(2) Without prejudice to the
generality of subsection (1) of
this section, such regulation may
provide for —
(a) standards and code of practice
relating to the protection,
development and rehabilitation of
the environment;
(b) the category of undertakings,
enterprise, constructions or
developments in respect of which
environmental impact assessment or
environmental management plan is
required by the Agency;
(c) the type, quantity, conditions
or concentration of substances
that may be released into the
environment;
(d) the manufacture, importation,
use, collection, storage,
recycling, recovery or disposal of
substances which may be hazardous
to the environment;
(e) the disposal of waste
generally;
(f) the protection of any
particular species of fauna and
flora;
(g) matters in respect of which
fees are payable and the amount
payable; and
(h) matters for which permits are
required under this Act.
(3) Notwithstanding section 9 of
the Statutory Instruments Act,
1959 (No. 52) regulations made
under this section may impose a
penalty not exceeding ¢2 million
or imprisonment for a term not
exceeding one year or both and in
the case of a continuing offence
an additional penalty not
exceeding ¢200,000 in respect of
each day on which the offence is
continued.
Section 29—Interpretation.
In this Act unless the context
otherwise requires —
"Board" means the governing body
provided for under section 4(1) of
this Act;
"Minister" means the Minister
responsible for the environment;
"person responsible" in relation
to any undertaking, enterprise,
construction or development,
includes any person at whose order
or on whose behalf the
undertaking, enterprise,
construction or development is
being done or will be done.
"premises" included any building,
land, ship, aircraft, caravan but
does not include a building or
place used exclusively as a
dwelling house.
Section 30—Dissolution, Repeal and
Vesting.
(1) The Environmental Protection
Council Decree, 1974 (NRCD 239)
and the Environmental Protection
Council (Amendment) Decree, 1976 (SMCD
58) are repealed by this Act and
accordingly the Council
established under that Decree
dissolved.
(2) Notwithstanding the repeals
under this section any instrument,
any permit or order issued under
the repealed enactment and in
force at the commencement of this
Act shall continue in force until
altered or revoked under this Act.
(3) All rights, assets,
properties, obligations,
liabilities held for or on behalf
of the dissolved Environmental
Protection Council and all persons
employed for or by the dissolved
Council are by this section
transferred to the Agency
established under this Act.
Date of Gazette Notification: 30th
December, 1994. |