NATIONAL MEDIA COMMISSION ACT,
1993 (ACT 449)
As amended by
NATIONAL MEDIA COMMISSION
(AMENDMENT) ACT, 1998 (ACT 561)
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Section
PART I—ESTABLISHMENT AND FUNCTIONS
OF COMMISSION
1. Establishment of National Media
Commission.
2. Functions of the Commission.
3. Independence of the Commission.
4. Independence of Journalists.
PART II—COMPOSITION OF THE
COMMISSION
5. Composition of the Commission.
6. Qualifications of members of
Commission.
7. Tenure of Office of Members.
8. Filling of Vacancies.
9. Meetings of the Commission.
10. Commission to Appoint
Committees.
11. Allowances of Chairman and
Other Members of Commission.
PART III—COMPLAINTS SETTLEMENT
12. Settlement Committee.
13. Complaint may be Lodged with
the Commission.
14. Reference to Settlement
Committee.
15. Ruling of Settlement
Committee.
16. Compulsory Rejoinders.
PART IV—MANAGEMENT AND STAFF OF
THE COMMISSION
17. Executive Secretary.
18. Other Staff of Commission.
PART V—MISCELLANEOUS AND GENERAL
PROVISIONS
19. Access to Media by President.
20. Funds of the Commission.
21. Accounts.
22. Financial Year of Commission.
23. Annual Report.
24. Regulations.
25. Repeal and Transitional
Provision.
THE FOUR HUNDRED AND FORTY-NINTH
ACT OF THE PARLIAMENT OF THE
REPUBLIC OF GHANA
ENTITLED
THE NATIONAL MEDIA COMMISSION ACT,
1993
AN ACT to establish a National
Media Commission to promote and
ensure the freedom and
independence of the media for mass
communication and information in
accordance with Chapter Twelve of
the Constitution and to provide
for related matters.
DATE OF ASSENT: 6TH JULY, 1993
BE IT ENACTED by Parliament as
follows—
PART I—ESTABLISHMENT AND FUNCTIONS
OF COMMISSION
Section 1—Establishment of
National Media Commission.
(1) There is established by this
Act a body to be known as the
National Media Commission referred
to in this Act as "the
Commission”.
(2) The Commission shall be a body
corporate with perpetual
succession and a common seal and
may sue and be sued in its
corporate name.
(3) The Commission may for and in
connection with the discharge of
its functions purchase, hold,
manage or dispose of any movable
or immovable property and may
enter into such contracts and
transactions as may be reasonably
related to its functions.
Section 2—Functions of the
Commission.
(1) The functions of the
Commission are—
(a) to promote and ensure the
freedom and independence of the
media for mass communication or
information;
(b) to take all appropriate
measures to ensure the
establishment and maintenance of
the highest journalistic standards
in the mass media, including the
investigation, mediation and
settlement of complaints made
against or by the press or other
mass media,
(c) to insulate the state-owned
media from governmental control;
(d) to take measures to ensure
that persons responsible for
state-owned media afford fair
opportunities and facilities for
the presentation of divergent
views and dissenting opinions;
(e) to appoint in consultation
with the President, the chairmen
and other members of the governing
bodies of public corporations
managing the state-owned media;
(f) to make regulations by
constitutional instrument for the
registration of newspapers and
other publications, except that
the regulations shall not provide
for the exercise of any direction
or control over the professional
functions of a person engaged in
the production of newspapers or
other means of mass communication;
and
(g) to perform such other
functions as may be prescribed by
law not inconsistent with the
Constitution.
(2) In carrying out its functions
the Commission shall not by
regulations or any other act,
require any person to obtain or
maintain a licence as a condition
for the establishment of a
newspaper, journal or any other
written publication.
Section 3—Independence of the
Commission.
Except as otherwise provided in
the Constitution or by any other
law not inconsistent with the
Constitution, the Commission shall
not be subject to the direction or
control of any person or authority
in the Performance of its
functions.
Section 4—Independence of
Journalists.
Subject to its functions as
provided in this Act, the
Commission shall not exercise any
control or direction over the
professional functions of a person
engaged in the production of
newspapers or other means of
communication.
PART II—COMPOSITION OF THE
COMMISSION
Section 5—Composition of the
Commission.
(1) The Commission shall consist
of the following members—
(a) one representative each
nominated by—
(i)
the Ghana Bar Association;
(ii) the Publishers and owners of
the Private Press;
(iii) the Ghana Association of
Writers and the Ghana Library
Association;
(iv) the Christian Group (the
National Catholic Secretariat, the
Christian Council, and the Ghana
Pentecostal Council)
(v) the Federation of Muslim
Councils and Ahmadiyya Missions;
(vi) the training institutions of
journalists and communicators;
(vii) the Ghana Advertising
Association and the Institute of
Public Relations of Ghana; and
(viii) the Ghana National
Association of Teachers;
(ix) the National Council on Women
and Development;
(x) the Trade Unions Congress;
(xi) the Association of Private
Broadcasters; [As Iserted by
National Media Commission
(Amendment) Act, 1998 (Act 561)].
(b) two representatives nominated
by the Ghana Journalists
Association;
(c) two persons appointed by the
Parliament; and
(d) three Persons nominated by
Parliament.
(2) The Commission shall elect one
of its members as Chairman.
(3) A person shall not hold office
as Chairman of the Commission for
more than two terms in succession.
Section 6—Qualifications of
members of Commission.
(1) No person is qualified to be a
member of the Commission who—
(a) is not a citizen of Ghana;
(b) has been adjudged or otherwise
declared—
(i)
bankrupt under any law in force in
Ghana and has not been discharged;
or
(ii) to be of unsound mind or is
detained as a criminal lunatic
under any law in force in Ghana;
or
(c) has been convicted—
(i)
for high crime under the
Constitution or high treason or
treason or for an offence
involving the security of the
State, fraud, dishonesty or moral
turpitude; or
(ii) for any other offence
punishable by death or by a
sentence of not less than ten
years; or
(c) has been found by the report
of a commission or a committee of
inquiry to be incompetent to hold
public office or is a person in
respect of whom a commission or
committee of inquiry has found
that while being a public officer
he acquired assets unlawfully or
defrauded the State or misused or
abused his office, or wilfully
acted in a manner prejudicial to
the interest of the State, and the
findings have not been set aside
on appeal or judicial review; or
(d) is under sentence of death or
other sentence of imprisonment
imposed on him by any court; or
(f) is otherwise disqualified by
a law for the time being in force.
(2) Without prejudice to
subsection (1) of this section a
member of the Commission shall
cease to be a member if, in the
case of person possessed of
professional qualification, he is
disqualified from practising his
profession in Ghana by an order of
any competent authority made in
respect of him personally or he
ceases to be a member otherwise
than at his own request.
(3) A person who is a founding
member of a political party, is a
leader or a member of its
executive or holds any office in a
political party shall not be
qualified to be a member of the
Commission; and [As Inserted by
National Media Commission
(Amendment) Act, 1998 (Act 561)].
Section 7—Tenure of Office of
Members.
(1) The members of the Commission
shall hold office for a term of
three years and shall be eligible
for re-appointment or
re-nomination.
(2) A person shall not be a member
of the Commission for more than
two terms in succession.
(3) A member of the Commission may
at any time resign his office by
giving one month's notice in
writing addressed to the Chairman
and in the case of the Chairman,
the letter of resignation shall be
addressed to the Executive
Secretary.
(4) A person shall cease to be a
Chairman of the Commission when he
ceases to be a member of the
Commission or when he is removed
from the chairmanship by the
Commission.
(5) For the avoidance of doubt,
the Chairman and other members of
the Commission shall not be
considered as holding full-time
office on the Commission.
Section 8—Filling of Vacancies.
(1) Where the Chairman of the
Commission dies, resigns, is
removed from office or is absent
from Ghana for a period exceeding
three months or is by reason of
illness unable to perform the
functions of his office, the
members of the Commission shall
elect one of their members to act
as Chairman until such time as the
Chairman is able to perform the
functions of his office or until a
new Chairman is elected.
(2) Where a member of the
Commission dies, resigns or
otherwise ceases to hold office,
or is by reason of illness or any
other sufficient cause unable to
perform the functions of his
office, another person may be
appointed or nominated as the case
may be, to act in his place until
such time as the member is able to
perform the functions of his
office or until a new member is
appointed or nominated to fill the
vacancy.
(3) where a person is elected as
Chairman or appointed a member to
fill a vacancy he shall hold
office for the remainder of the
term of the previous Chairman or
member as the case may be and
shall, subject to the provisions
of this Act be eligible for
re-appointment, re-election or
re-nomination.
Section 9—Meetings of the
Commission.
(1) The Commission shall
ordinarily meet at such times and
at such places as the Chairman may
direct but shall meet at least
once in every two months.
(2) The Chairman shall upon the
request of not less than one third
of the membership convene a
special meeting of the Commission
(3) At every meeting of the
Commission the Chairman shall
preside and in his absence a
member elected by the members from
among their number shall preside.
(4) The quorum for any meeting of
the Commission shall be eight
members. [As Amended by the
National Media Commission
(Amendment) Act, 1998 (Act 561)].
(5) Every question before a
meeting of the Commission shall be
determined by a simple majority of
votes of members present and
voting, and where there is
equality of votes, the Chairman or
person presiding shall have a
second or casting vote
(6) Any member who fails to attend
three consecutive ordinary
meetings of the Commission without
reasonable excuse shall cease to
be a member.
(7) A member of the Commission who
has any interest in a contract
proposed to be made with the
Commission or any matter for
discussion by the Commission shall
disclose the nature of his
interest to the Commission and
shall, unless the meeting
otherwise directs, be disqualified
from participating in any
deliberations on that contract or
matter and shall, in any case be
disqualified from voting on any
decision on that contract or
matter.
(8) A member who fails to disclose
his interest under sub-section (7)
of this section shall be removed
from the Commission.
(9) The validity of any
proceedings of the Commission
shall not be affected by any
vacancy among its members or by
any defect in their appointment.
(10) Except as otherwise expressly
provided in this Act, the
Commission shall determine the
procedure for its meetings.
Section 10—Commission to Appoint
Committees.
The Commission may for the
discharge of its functions appoint
committees comprising members or
non-members or both and may assign
to them such functions as the
Commission may determine except
that a committee composed entirely
of non-members may only advise the
Commission.
Section 11—Allowances of Chairman
and Other Members of Commission.
The allowances, facilities and
privileges payable or available to
the chairman and the other members
of the Commission shall be
determined by the President in
accordance with article 71 of the
Constitution.
PART III—COMPLAINTS SETTLEMENT
Section 12—Settlement Committee.
(1) Without prejudice to section
10 of this Act there is hereby
established a Complaints
Settlement Committee of the
Commission hereafter referred to
as "the Settlement Committee".
(2) The Settlement Committee shall
consist of the Chairman of the
Commission and six members of the
Commission three of whom shall be
persons not ordinarily employed or
involved in the media industry.
Section 13—Complaint may be Lodged
with the Commission.
(1) Any person aggrieved by a
publication or by the act or
omission of any journalist,
newspaper proprietor, a publisher
or any person in respect of any
publication in the media may lodge
a complaint against the editor,
publisher, proprietor or other
person before the Commission.
(2) A person who has lodged a
complaint with the Commission
shall unless he withdraws the
complaint, exhaust all avenues
available for settling the issue
by the Commission before a
recourse to the courts.
Section 14—Reference to Settlement
Committee.
(1) A complaint lodged with the
Commission shall be referred to
the Settlement Committee which
shall make such further
investigation into the complaint
as it considers necessary.
(2) The Settlement Committee may
consider both documentary and oral
evidence provided by the parties
and shall rule on the issue as it
considers just in all the
circumstances of the case.
Section 15—Ruling of Settlement
Committee.
(1) The Settlement Committee in
any complaint before it may make
any or all of the following
orders—
(a) order publication of
correction and an apology with
equal prominence as the original
offensive material;
(b) order publication of a
rejoinder;
(c) direct disciplinary action for
breach of code of ethics.
(2) The Settlement Committee may,
where it considers it appropriate,
publish in full or in an edited
version, its findings in respect
of any investigations carried out
by it under subsection (1) of
section 14 of this Act with the
prior approval of the Commission.
(3) Where an order is made against
any person under sub-section (1)
of section 15 of this Act, whether
or not the findings of the
Settlement Committee are
published, recommendations shall
be made where applicable to the
appropriate professional
association for disciplinary
action.
(4) The Settlement Committee shall
in all its deliberations be guided
by the rules of natural justice.
Section 16—Compulsory Rejoinders.
(1) Without prejudice to the
provisions of this Part, any
medium for the dissemination of
information to the public which
publishes a statement about or
against any person shall be
obliged to publish a rejoinder, if
any, from the person in respect of
whom the publication was then
made.
(2) Where a person fails to
publish a rejoinder in accordance
with subsection (1) of this
section, the person aggrieved may
apply to the Commission or the
High Court for an order to enforce
the provision of subsection (1) of
this section.
PART IV—MANAGEMENT AND STAFF OF
THE COMMISSION
Section 17—Executive Secretary.
(1) The Commission shall in
consultation with the Public
Services Commission appoint a full
time officer to be designated the
Executive Secretary to the
Commission.
(2) The Executive Secretary shall
be the administrative head of the
Commission and shall, under the
general supervision and direction
of the Commission be responsible
for the day-to-day management and
administration of the affairs of
the Commission.
(3) The Executive Secretary shall,
subject to the directions of the
Chairman of the Commission, be
responsible for the discipline of
the staff of the Commission.
(4) The Executive Secretary shall—
(a) be the Secretary to the
Commission and shall, as far as
practicable attend all meetings of
the Commission; and
(b) in consultation with the
Chairman arrange the business and
cause to be recorded and kept
minutes of all meetings of the
Commission.
Section 18—Other Staff of
Commission.
(1) The Commission shall appoint
such other officers and other
employees as may be reasonably
necessary for the effective
discharge of its functions.
(2) The officers and other
employees of the Commission shall
be appointed by the Commission in
consultation with the Public
Services Commission.
(3) The staff shall hold office
upon such terms and conditions as
the Public Services Commission
shall approve.
(4) Public officers may be
transferred or seconded to the
Commission or may otherwise give
assistance to it.
PART V—MISCELLANEOUS AND GENERAL
PROVISIONS
Section 19—Access to Media by
President.
The President shall at all times
have access to sound or television
broadcasting, the Press and other
media of mass communications or
information which are financed
from public funds for the purpose
of broadcast, announcement or
publication of any matter which
appears to the President to be in
the public interest.
Section 20—Funds of the
Commission.
The administrative and operational
expenses of the Commission
including salaries and allowances
payable to or in respect of
persons serving with the
Commission are charged on the
Consolidated Fund.
Section 21—Accounts.
The Commission shall keep proper
books of accounts and proper
records in relation to the
accounts and shall prepare at the
end of each financial year within
a period of six months after the
end of the financial year a
statement of its accounts in such
form as the Auditor-General may
direct.
Section 22—Financial Year of
Commission.
The financial year of the
Commission shall be the same as
the financial year of the
Government.
Section 23—Annual Report.
(1) The Commission shall in each
year, submit to Parliament an
annual report indicating the
activities and operations of the
Commission in respect of the
preceding year.
(2) The annual report shall
include a copy of the audited
accounts together with the
Auditor-General's report.
Section 24—Regulations.
(1) The Commission may, subject to
the provisions of this Act, by
legislative instrument, prescribe—
(a) procedure to be followed by
the Complaint Settlement
Committee; and
(b) any other matter that may be
necessary for the efficient
discharge of its functions under
this Act.
(2) The exercise of the power to
make regulation may be signified
under the hand of the Chairman.
Section 25—Repeal and Transitional
Provision.
(1) The National Media Commission
Law, 1992 (P.N.D.C.L.299) is
hereby repealed.
(2) Notwithstanding the repeal
specified in subsection (1), any
appointment made under the Law
shall be valid unless revoked by
the Commission.
(3) The first meeting of the
Commission at which the Chairman
of the Commission shall be elected
shall be convened by the Executive
Secretary.
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